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| Fetal Extracardiac Anomalies Associated with Congenital Cardiac Diseases |
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| Bumha Yi, M.D. Jung Yeon Cho, M.D., Young Ho Lee, M.D., Mi Jin Song, M.D. |
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| Department of Diagnostic Radiology, Samsung Cheil Hospital, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine |
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| PURPOSE : To evaluate the incidence of associated extracardiac anomalies in fetuses with congenital heart defects on
fetal echocardiography, and to estimate the incidence of chromosomal abnormalities according to the extracardiac
anomalies.
MATERIALS and METHODS : From Jan. 1999 to Dec. 2001, 101 fetuses with prenatally diagnosed extracardiac anomalies
and congenital cardiac diseases were selected for study. The mean gestational age at the time of the ultrasound
exam was about 25 weeks. Associated extracardiac anomalies were classified into CNS, face and neck,
thorax, abdomen, genitourinary system, musculoskeletal, other and multi-systemic aanomalies groups.
Chromosomal studies including chorionic villi sampling, amniocentesis, cordocentesis, and postnatal exam
were correlated.
RESULTS : Musculoskeletal anomalies were the most commonly associated extracardiac anomalies (n=28, 27.7%).
Abdominal anomaly (n=26, 25.7%), central nervous system anomaly (n=25, 24.8%), genitourinary anomaly
(n=12, 11.9%), thoracic anomaly (n=4, 4%), face and neck anomaly (n=3, 3%) were found. Twenty eight fetuses
showed other anomalies (n=28, 27.7%). Multi-systemic anomalies were also common (n=20, 19.8%). Fetal
anomalies involving two systems were noted in 15 fetuses, and anomalies of more than three systems were not
uncommon (5 fetuses). Chromosomal study of 38 fetuses revealed 19 fetuses with abnormal karyotypes (50%).
For 19 fetuses with abnormal karyotypes, central nervous system anomalies and musculoskeletal anomalies
were the most frequently associated with extracardiac abnormalities (n=9). Multi-systemic anomalies were associated
in 9 of the 19 fetuses.
CONCLUSION : In fetuses with cardiac defects, the musculoskeletal, abdomen and CNS anomalies were commonly
associated with extracardiac anomalies. Various extracardiac anomalies such as, head and neck anomalies, CNS
anomalies, musculoskeletal anomalies, and multi-organ anomalies were highly correlated with chromosomal
abnormalities, and so this relationship requires chromosomal study. |
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| Keyword : Fetus, abnormalities Fetus, US Fetus, cardiovascular system |
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pdf파일 : 083-089이범하.pdf 
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> Journal > Journal Search 
Journal of Korean Society of Ultrasound in Medicine 2004 ; 23 (2) : p.83-89
